The AM Forum
March 28, 2024, 06:34:21 AM *
Welcome, Guest. Please login or register.

Login with username, password and session length
 
   Home   Help Calendar Links Staff List Gallery Login Register  
Pages: [1] 2   Go Down
  Print  
Author Topic: 5R4GY solid state replacements...  (Read 13882 times)
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« on: June 12, 2019, 09:58:47 AM »

Sorry another newbie question... What is the correct solid state replacement for the 5R4GY? Reason I ask is because I picked up a few solid state rectifiers that tubedepot.com sells, to solid state my DX-100. I am able to replace the 5V4 with one without an issue, but if I replace the 5R4GY's with them, it blows 5a, up to a 10a (i didnt try larger), fuses as soon as I key the rig. They say they are the replacement for both the 5R4 and 5V4, as well as a host of others. I also tried using just one instead of 2 in case I was doing something wrong. Also, the rig had a bad LV transformer that I just replaced and it had the issue before and after replacing it. Not that it should matter but just mentioning that. So am I using the wrong one or is there an issue somewhere else? Also, it basically welded my PTT relay contacts together at one point so I also tried just flipping the plate switch, to see if the PTT circuit was causing this issue, and it still happens... Everywhere I look online for info just says " i solid stated the supplies", "make sure to solid state the supplies", or "replace the rectifiers with solid state replacements".

Again, any help for my newbie behind would be greatly appreciated...

Perry
W3MMR
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
KB2WIG
Contributing
Member
*
Offline Offline

Posts: 4484



« Reply #1 on: June 12, 2019, 10:29:27 AM »


Sometimes one must ask themselves   " WWTD ? "

https://www.amwindow.org/tech/htm/dx100.htm

KLC
Logged

What? Me worry?
DMOD
AC0OB - A Place where Thermionic Emitters Rule!
Contributing
Member
*
Offline Offline

Posts: 1768


« Reply #2 on: June 12, 2019, 11:57:55 AM »

I homebrew my own SS replacements:


Phil - AC0OB

* 5R4 SS Power Supply.pdf (133 KB - downloaded 265 times.)
Logged

Charlie Eppes: Dad would be so happy if we married a doctor.
Don Eppes: Yeah, well, Dad would be happy if I married someone with a pulse.NUMB3RS   Smiley
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #3 on: June 12, 2019, 01:49:50 PM »

Perry,

Check the wiring of the 5R4 sockets against the schematic. If pin 2 from one is jumped to pin 8 of the other, the 5R4's would still work but, the SS replacements could short (and blow the fuse). The wiring of the two sockets should be exactly the same, pin for pin.


Don
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
Jim, W5JO
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 2506


« Reply #4 on: June 12, 2019, 02:58:51 PM »

1N1239 & 1N2632

The 1N2632 is the best choice.
Logged
KB5MD
Contributing
Member
*
Offline Offline

Posts: 614


« Reply #5 on: June 12, 2019, 03:26:15 PM »

The solid state rectifier could be bad, even if it is a new one.  I would check it with an ohm meter.  I bought supposedly
new ones at a hamfest and they turned out to be shorted.
Logged
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #6 on: June 12, 2019, 03:35:50 PM »


Sometimes one must ask themselves   " WWTD ? "

https://www.amwindow.org/tech/htm/dx100.htm

KLC

It doesnt say really much except "SS the supplies" and what the rating per leg should be. That doesnt tell me much.

Don-- I will check the wiring

Jim-- Thank you.
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #7 on: June 12, 2019, 03:36:42 PM »

Perry,

Check the wiring of the 5R4 sockets against the schematic. If pin 2 from one is jumped to pin 8 of the other, the 5R4's would still work but, the SS replacements could short (and blow the fuse). The wiring of the two sockets should be exactly the same, pin for pin.


Don

Oh, and it would still short if only using 1 SS rectifier?
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #8 on: June 12, 2019, 03:45:29 PM »

And these SS jobs i have, have 2- 1n5408G diodes inside connected as so: anode of 1 diode goes to pin 4, that diodes cathode is soldered to the other diodes cathode, which is connected to pin 8, and that diodes anode goes to pin 6.

Don-- The wiring of the sockets are jumped to their respective pins. Pin 4 to pin 4, pin 6 to pin 6, and so on.
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
Jim, W5JO
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 2506


« Reply #9 on: June 12, 2019, 04:49:36 PM »

I check those things with two or three 9 volt batteries in series using a voltmeter.
Logged
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #10 on: June 12, 2019, 05:42:56 PM »

Perry,

As a test, you could try each SS unit in the 5V4 slot to make sure they're all good. Also, it's a good idea to install a separate fuse in the primary of the low voltage transformer to protect it from overload. I use a 2 amp slow blow fuse in my DX-100. It's cheaper/easier than getting a new LV transformer.

It may be possible to use only one SS unit in the 5R4 slot if it has a sufficient current rating. You'd have to see what you have.


Don
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
w8khk
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 1200


This ham got his ticket the old fashioned way.


WWW
« Reply #11 on: June 12, 2019, 06:59:23 PM »

I have several suggestions....

per KLC regarding WWTD, the Tron has done a detailed write-up as linked by KLC....  Toward the end of the document, there is a detailed guide for solid-stating the power supply of rigs such as the DX-100 and Viking series.  First, as he states, the surge when the field of the filter choke collapses on turn-off needs to be tamed with the resistor and capacitor in series, placed directly across the inductor, such that this collapsing surge does not damage the silicon rectifier stack.  The original vacuum tube rectifiers are immune to this surge, but the solid-state rectifiers can be damaged quickly.  Next, consider the reverse voltage requirement (total PIV) of the group of rectifiers in series.  HLR indicates that this should be 7 to 10 KV for the 700 to 800 volt supply using choke input.  I do not believe two of your diodes in the replacement module meet this requirement.  When using diodes in series, they will not each drop the same voltage, so err on the side of MORE DIODES, rather than less.  This may not be related to the cause of your overload at turn-on, but it is necessary to conservatively rate the diodes for long reliable operation.

Your turn-on surge failure may just be related to trying to charge the capacitor quickly with the low resistance of the diode string, as compared with the forgiving high resistance voltage drop over the tube rectifiers.  You may need series resistance between the diodes and the load to tame this surge.  The filter capacitor appears as a dead short before it starts charging.  Read all of this post before proceeding, then if you assume the turn-on surge is the likely failure cause, try bringing up the HV supply on a variac, and monitor the DC to see if it will come up "gently".  Be sure to consider the number of diodes (referenced below) before trying this test.


Since you say the two sockets are wired identically, and the diode anodes are pins 4 and 6, and the cathodes are pin 8, this puts both tube replacement modules directly in parallel.  While the resistance of the tube rectifiers allows them to share the load rather equally, the low resistance of the silicon replacements tends to cause one module to hog the load, because one has slightly less resistance than the other.  So putting both modules in, without equalizing resistors on EACH tube socket, has negligible benefit, as only one module is carrying the load.  It is likely that one is sufficient for the current requirement, but NOT the reverse voltage in this application.  More diodes in the string, and equalizing resistors!

Regarding testing diode MODULES with three or more 9 volt batteries in series, I certainly agree.  But you may wonder why?   A typical DVM or VOM has a very small voltage supplied to the device under test, when testing diodes, transistors, etc.  A higher voltage may damage a signal diode or transistor, so the voltage is intentionally limited.  But  if you do not have 0.5 to 0.7 volts PER JUNCTION, when testing a string of diodes in series, the meter may erroneously indicate an open circuit, when the devices are actually functional.  This is almost always true of microwave oven rectifier modules, which have a large number of diodes in series to withstand the high PIV.  You must overcome the voltage drop of all the diodes in series before you will see considerable forward current when testing diodes in series.  However, if all the diodes are exposed and may be tested individually, then a typical DVM should give you an accurate indication of the condition of each device.

GL, and hope this is helpful to you.....
Logged

Rick / W8KHK  ex WB2HKX, WB4GNR
"Both politicians and diapers need to be changed often and for the same reason.”   Ronald Reagan

My smart?phone voicetext screws up homophones, but they are crystal clear from my 75 meter plate-modulated AM transmitter
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #12 on: June 13, 2019, 06:28:24 AM »

Another thing before I forget, I spoke to Tim via email last week, and Tim never answered this question, is after switching from cap input to choke input filter, this is before solid stating the HV supply mind you, i have to turn the drive all the way up to barely obtain 5mA of grid current the manual recommends. Is this why Tim says I must SS the HV supply? Or is that the max that im going to obtain no matter what beings that the LV is down around +250vdc as opposed to upwards of 420vdc when cap input filtered? This just seems like a lot of trouble for what gain? Less heat? My 100 runs cool as it is. I can see the benefit of the choke input filter lowering the low voltage so I can use a relay and obtain the screen voltage for the modulators directly from the LV supply as Tim recommends to lower distortion more. Ive already done most of his audio mods and im very happy with the way my rig sounds right now just with a D104 plugged directly into the mic jack, no processing. Over the air using a WebSDR to record, im very happy with it. Using my Anan to record, i can hear the distortion I cannot hear using the WebSDR beings im almost 60 over s9 into the Anan 200d. So I guess im wondering if "the risk is worth the reward" for lack of a better term. And thanks for the patience guys and I apologize for all the newbie and seemingly stupid questions. The boat anchor stuff is still new to me, before this venture, i hadnt used tube theory since A school in the Navy so im knocking the rust off. But having to basically fully restore my DX-100 before using it, it was in rough shape when I got it, has given me a crash course in things. Again, thanks guys.

And heres a recording taken last night if anyone cares to listen.. Lots of QRM, but not shabby beings i started with a non functioning, stock DX-100 2 months ago.

https://youtu.be/RXYBqnBRUvQ

Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #13 on: June 13, 2019, 10:09:32 AM »

https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Rectron/HVM12?qs=sGAEpiMZZMtbRapU8LlZD0IZEQvpG%2F8RJnSZSuW1xB0%3D
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #14 on: June 13, 2019, 03:07:59 PM »

Perry,

I made the same Timtron modification to the LV power supply and had the same problem - low grid drive (especially on the higher bands). I replaced the 12BY7 and the 5763 to no avail. I re-peaked the circuit with the slug-tuned coils and still had low grid drive.

This is what I did to solve the problem. There's a 6.8k 7W resistor in series with the 25k drive pot that goes to the LV rail. I changed the value of the 6.8k 7W resistor to 4k 10W and added a 2k 10W resistor from the other side of the drive pot to ground. This effectively moves the voltage range that the drive pot provides to the 5763 screen grid UP a few volts. That's all it took, worked like a charm.

I did this just a few days ago and was going to mention it to Tim, but he's out of town.

I think you will need to solid state that LV power supply, 250V sounds a bit low. I get about 300V on mine, so do that before changing those resistors.


Don
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #15 on: June 13, 2019, 04:30:01 PM »

I did SS the supply, but this was before I blew up the old LV transformer last week. I  haven't tried with the new Xfmr in there. The old one, which I didn't know at the time, was weak, it would heat up instantly, and as soon as I swapped transformers, my peaks went from %130 at best, to easily over %150, my peak power went from 550 at best to 700+ when pushed. So ill definitely give that a try. Thanks Don!
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #16 on: June 13, 2019, 06:34:36 PM »

I did SS the supply, but this was before I blew up the old LV transformer last week. I  haven't tried with the new Xfmr in there. The old one, which I didn't know at the time, was weak, it would heat up instantly, and as soon as I swapped transformers, my peaks went from %130 at best, to easily over %150, my peak power went from 550 at best to 700+ when pushed. So ill definitely give that a try. Thanks Don!

Remember to put a 2 amp fuse in the LV primary. It'll save you the headache of replacing that transformer twice!
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
w4bfs
W4 Beans For Supper
Contributing
Member
*
Offline Offline

Posts: 1433


more inpoot often yields more outpoot


« Reply #17 on: June 13, 2019, 08:57:01 PM »


Remember to put a 2 amp fuse in the LV primary. It'll save you the headache of replacing that transformer twice!

Hear Hear !!
Logged

Beefus

O would some power the gift give us
to see ourselves as others see us.
It would from many blunders free us.         Robert Burns
W1NB
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 72


« Reply #18 on: June 13, 2019, 09:34:53 PM »

Perry,

I think your results, and thus, your question, is a matter of putting the cart before the horse. The reason for reconfiguring the filtering on the PS is because when you solid state the supply the B+ will be substantially higher. By reconfiguring the filtering to choke input you reduce the B+ to approximately where it was prior to the solid stating. The solid stating not only reduces the heat, it also deloads the transformer.

I hope this makes sense.

Scott
Logged
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #19 on: June 13, 2019, 11:35:14 PM »

I believe that replacing the vacuum tube rectifier with solid state diodes will increase the voltage by a small amount. Going from capacitor input filter to choke input filter will reduce the voltage by a large amount. In the end, the DC voltage will be significantly lower than the stock value (360VDC according to the manual). On my DX-100 the no-load voltage is about 300VDC. That's why I modified the drive control circuit. YMMV


Don
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
WD5JKO
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 1996


WD5JKO


« Reply #20 on: June 14, 2019, 07:47:50 AM »

I believe that replacing the vacuum tube rectifier with solid state diodes will increase the voltage by a small amount. Going from capacitor input filter to choke input filter will reduce the voltage by a large amount. In the end, the DC voltage will be significantly lower than the stock value (360VDC according to the manual). On my DX-100 the no-load voltage is about 300VDC. That's why I modified the drive control circuit. YMMV

 Regarding the LV supply, also realize that the ripple reduction from the choke input filter will not be as much as a Pi filter. Doubling, or quadrupling the output capacitor value will help. Also the diodes used have less than instant on/off switching times. That means the diode(s) turning ON will occur when the other diode(s) have not turned OFF yet. For a few microseconds each cycle, the transformer sees a dead short. When the slow diode finally turns off, a high amplitude back EMF spike occurs. This spike goes straight through the filter choke's turn to turn winding capacitance, and is also not attenuated by the filter capacitor's series lead inductance.  The result is the low level RF and AF stages fed from the LV supply may pick up a nasty 120 hz buzz There are ways to deal with this, such as R-C snubber across the LV transformer secondary, and an additional R-C B+ decoupling where the 'C' is something like a .1uf 630v polypropylene and the 'R' somewhere around 100 ohms.

"Solid State the Power Supply"
That is right up there with a Chilton's car repair manual that says:
"Remove Dashboard"


Jim
Wd5JKO
Logged
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #21 on: June 14, 2019, 11:36:35 AM »

I believe that replacing the vacuum tube rectifier with solid state diodes will increase the voltage by a small amount. Going from capacitor input filter to choke input filter will reduce the voltage by a large amount. In the end, the DC voltage will be significantly lower than the stock value (360VDC according to the manual). On my DX-100 the no-load voltage is about 300VDC. That's why I modified the drive control circuit. YMMV

 Regarding the LV supply, also realize that the ripple reduction from the choke input filter will not be as much as a Pi filter. Doubling, or quadrupling the output capacitor value will help. Also the diodes used have less than instant on/off switching times. That means the diode(s) turning ON will occur when the other diode(s) have not turned OFF yet. For a few microseconds each cycle, the transformer sees a dead short. When the slow diode finally turns off, a high amplitude back EMF spike occurs. This spike goes straight through the filter choke's turn to turn winding capacitance, and is also not attenuated by the filter capacitor's series lead inductance.  The result is the low level RF and AF stages fed from the LV supply may pick up a nasty 120 hz buzz There are ways to deal with this, such as R-C snubber across the LV transformer secondary, and an additional R-C B+ decoupling where the 'C' is something like a .1uf 630v polypropylene and the 'R' somewhere around 100 ohms.

"Solid State the Power Supply"
That is right up there with a Chilton's car repair manual that says:
"Remove Dashboard"


Jim
Wd5JKO

Jim,

Interesting. I hadn't given it any thought before. Let's see.

A half wave at 60 cycles is 8333uS and a typical standard reverse recovery time is perhaps 2 uS. So while the conducting diode starts to recover when the forward voltage on it drops to about 0.8V, and the non-conducting diode doesn't begin to conduct until its forward voltage achieves 0.8V, an "overlap" time exists near zero volts. Is this not enough time for the conducting diode to fully recover?

Moreover, with the voltage during this time being so low, wouldn't the current generated by any "short circuit" be very small, especially given the higher resistance of the windings of an older transformers designed for vacuum tube rectifiers?

Additionally, I would have thought that any spikes would have been caused by the relatively fast switching times of the diodes, not a conduction overlap.

Calculating this is beyond my limited math ability, and measuring it is beyond my limited test equipment's ability. And removing my dashboard is just out of the question. Grin


Don

Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
WD5JKO
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 1996


WD5JKO


« Reply #22 on: June 14, 2019, 02:33:21 PM »


The problem arises due to the leakage inductance of the transformer. A momentary short suddenly going open unleashes a nasty high amplitude transient as the leakage inductance does it's Fury. As mentioned earlier in this thread, a 'R-C' Snubber across the filter choke helps contain the back EMF pulse when the choke field collapses. The old Bill Orr W6SAI radio handbooks talk about this stuff, and gives guidance on how to estimate the R and C.

I learned the hard way early in my career. At work, we had a brute force 30VDC 200 Amp supply. It used a transformer around 70VCT, with a 208VAC primary. The rectifier was 2 big stud diodes with braid on the other end, and a big choke for a choke input filter. The transformer had a lot of leakage inductance because the primary had to be isolated from the secondary to handle 150,000 volts (yep, 150KV). Tranny had layered Mylar and was immersed in oil. We kept losing those diodes just by turning on the power supply. Those big diodes had a reverse recovery time of almost 1 millisecond! That means 1ms out of 8.33ms (60hz) the transformer was shorted out. The cure was a simple series R-C snubber across the transformer. As I recall, it was like 39 ohms 1 watt, and 2.2 uf 100v Mylar Cap. The problem was gone!

More recently I solid stated a Central Electronics 20A Phasing SSB transmitter. Went choke input too. Voltage was a little lower, but I had to fight the audible buzz on the signal, and also noticd the carrier suppression was degraded from the power supply ripple. This can and does happen.

Jim
Logged
KK4YY
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 565


Your best isn't as good as you can be.


« Reply #23 on: June 14, 2019, 04:25:42 PM »

Jim,

I haven't run into an extreme case, as you have. Typically, I add filter C because I have many salvaged caps in the junk box. Maybe I should start soldering in some of my salvaged MOV's and adding snubber networks too. Sounds like cheap insurance.


Thanks,
Don
Logged

All your worries won't add a day to your life, or make the ones you have any happier.
W3MMR
Member

Offline Offline

Posts: 73



WWW
« Reply #24 on: June 15, 2019, 02:03:03 PM »

Well thats sure a lot to take in lol. Before solid stating, LV was 380-390vdc. Book says it should be around 360. So with my higher line voltage, its right in line. After solid stating, it bumped the LV up to 430-440vdc. I noticed that when moving from cap input to choke input, it brought the voltage down much lower than before solid stating, around 280vdc. So I dont know if bringing the voltage back to where it was originally, was behind the switch. Tim says "This should provide lower screen voltage to modulators and lower voltage to VFO tube. Ideal screen voltage for the 1625 modulators is between 200 and 250 V. Around 250 volts for screens will work very well." So i reckon thats the reasoning for the switch. Anyway, this rig has been running so darn good since I replaces the LV supply, i think im just going to leave it. With exception of a 3 diode limiter just for safety, not for hard limiting. After doing a lot of timmy's mods, im seeing 140% positive before even hitting 100% on the negative, low distortion, the thing runs cool (with a temp probe floating in the center of the case, it doesnt go above 110 F even after a 4 minute transmission), and guys are having a hard time hearing the difference in this and in my Anan 200D and im just using a D10-4 plugged into the front with no processing, as opposed to an ANAN with EQ, multi-band compression, and an SM7B. But im the type to not sit on my hands and "Fix it till its broke". I dunno, you guys tell me... Its not great, but not bad for a 60 year old transmitter and a 40 year old microphone...

https://youtu.be/RXYBqnBRUvQ


Thanks for all the insight gentleman...
Logged

http://www.w3mmr.com

** Studio "A" - Anan 200D, Shure SM7B, AL80BX, Internal & External Processing <--> Studio "B" - Heath-Kit DX100, D-10/4, National NC-303 **
Pages: [1] 2   Go Up
  Print  
 
Jump to:  

AMfone - Dedicated to Amplitude Modulation on the Amateur Radio Bands
 AMfone © 2001-2015
Powered by SMF 1.1.21 | SMF © 2015, Simple Machines
Page created in 0.073 seconds with 19 queries.